Gring Fm

It was isolated by I. E. Gubin in 1938 under the name "coal-bearing suite," the current name was proposed by N. G. Vlasov (1961).

Synonym: Gring suite, Грингская свита

Reference section:

The thickness of the suite is 30-500 m. By composition and structure, the mass is subdivided into 3 sub-suites.

The lower sub-suite - basal, with a thickness of 4.5 to 57 m, consists of lenticular interbedded small gravel conglomerates, quartz gravelites, and polymict sandstones with rare low-power lenses of claystone-pelite rocks.

The middle sub-suite with a thickness of 30-270 m is represented by an uneven alternation of quartz sandstones of various granulometric composition, claystones, claystone-like clays, carbonaceous rocks, and coal beds. In this part of the suite, the maximum carbon saturation of the section is noted.

The upper sub-suite with a thickness of up to 200 m is formed by a cyclic mass of rocks. Each of the cycles consists of successively alternating sandstones, claystones, clays, and thin layers of carbonaceous rocks.

A distinctive feature of the Gring Fm (гринrской свиты) is the abundance of plant remains throughout the section. Five complexes of plant remains have been established (гучников, 1972; 1973). The first complex includes Neocalamites hoerensis (Schimp.) Halle, Clathropteris meniscioides Brongn., Macrotaeniopteris virgulata Zeil., Taeniopteris latecostata Halle, Anthrophyopsis sp., Pterophyllum pshartense Pryn., P. propinquum Goepp., P. andreanum Schimp., Otozamites nalivkini Pryn., Pagiophyllum sp., Brachyphyllum sp. The second complex includes Marratiopsis muensteri (Goepp.) Schimp., Dictyophyllum sp., Phlebopteris polypodioides Brongn., Clathropteris sp., Pityophyllum nordenskioldii (Heer) Nath., P. angustifolium Nath., Podozanites lanceolatus (Lindl. et Hutt.) Braun. The third complex consists of Equisetum ferganensis Sew., Marattiopsis muensteri (Goepp.) Schimp., Todites princeps (Presl.) Goth, Coniopteris hymenophylloides (Brongn.) Sew., Clathropteris obovata Oishi, Cladophlebis haiburnensis (Lindl. et Hutt.) Brongn., C. aktaschensis Tur. - Ket., C. nebbensis (Brongn.) Nath., Anomozamites minor (Brongn.). The fourth complex includes Equisetum ferganensis Sew., E. longifolia Brick, Gleichenites sphenopteroides Brick, Todites princeps (Presl) Goth., Coniopteris spectabilis Brick, C. murrayana Brongn., C. embensis Pryn., C. maakiana (Heer) Pryn., Eboracia lobifolia (Phill.) Thom., Cladophlebis denticulata (Brongn.) Font., C. whitbiensis Brongn., C. argutula (Heer) Font., C. sulcata Brick, C. hirsuta Brick, C. delicatula Yabe et Oishi, Cladophlebilium sp., Kygartenia irregularis Sixt., Sagenopteris phillipsii (Brongn.) Presl, Ptilophyllum cutchense Morr., P. acutifolium Morr., Williamsonia haydeni Sew., Nilssonia vittaeformis Pryn., N. dentata Brick, N. compta Brongn., N. inoyei Yok., Anomozamites gracilis Nath., Taeniopteris asiatica Brick., T. vittata Brongn., Ginkgo lepida Heer, Sphenobaiera spectabilis (Nath.) Florin, Pityophyllum nordenskioldii (Heer) Nath., P. lindstromii Tur. - Ket., E1atides curvifolia (Dunk.) Nath., Pagiophyllum kutalense Sixt., and others. The fifth complex includes Selaginella sp., Annulariopsis simpsonii (Phill.) Harris, Equisetum beanii (Bunb.) Harris, E. elegans Kräus., Klukia exilis (Phill.) Facib., K. westi Jacob et Shukla, K. acutifolia (Lindl. et Hutt.) Racib., Todites denticulatus (Brongn.) Harris, Osmundopsis prinadae Delle, O. plectophora Harris, Coniopteris angustiloba Brick, C. bella Harris C. murrayana Brongn, C. spectabilis Brick, C. vialovi Tur. Ket., C. zindanensis Brick, C. minturensis Brick, Cladophlebis whitbiensis Brongn., C. delicatula Yabe et Oishi, C. sulcata Brick, C. stenolopha Brick, C. suluctensis Brick, C. argutula (Heer) Font., Gonatosorus lobifolius Bur., Eboracia lobifolia (Phill.) Thomas, Sagenopteris phillipsii (Brongn.) Presl, S. colpodes Harris, Otozamites graphicus (Leck.) Shimp., Ptilophyllum cutchense Morr., P. acutifolium Morr., Nilssonia vittaeformis Pryn., N. acuminata (Pres1) Goepp., N. compta Brongn., N. orientalis Heer, N. inoyei Yok., N. polymorpha Schenk, Taeniopteris asiatica Brick, Ginkgo lepida Heer, Sphenobaiera angustiloba (Heer.) Florin, S. spectabilis (Nath.) Florin, Podozamites eichwaldii (Schimp Heer, Elatides curvifolia (Dunk.) Nath., E. setosa Phill., Taxocladus elongata Pryn., Elatocladus sp., and others.